James Hutton (1726-1797) is considered to be the father of geology.
He was a Scottish naturalist and he
is known for his remarkable work in the geology.
He formulated his clear view
regarding the deposition of sediments up to the different tectonic settings
involved on it like fault, fold and others like erosion, deposition, etc.
He recognized the geological process
of the rock formation and also defined depositional terms like unconformities.
A part from this he firstly stated
one of the basic and the most important principle.
It is called as the “Principle of
Uniformitarianism”.
This principle states that: “the same
physical process and the laws that operate in the today’s world, operated
throughout the geological time.
The principle of uniformitarianism
suggests that “present is key to the past”.
But this statement does not hold in
many examples like movement of glaciers then and now, volcanic eruption then
and now and others too.
So this statement was further
corrected as:
“The same physical process and laws
governing that process today, operated throughout the geological time although
not necessarily in the same intensity as now”.
It supports examples like
Climate change
Movement of glacier
Rate of volcanism and so on.
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